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第38章 炉边谈话 1（第1页）

FiresideChat

富兰克林·罗斯福

FranklinRoosevelt

富兰克林·罗斯福（1882—1945），美国第三十一、三十二任总统，美国历史上唯一蝉联四届（第四届未任满）的总统。罗斯福在20世纪的经济大萧条和第二次世界大战中扮演了重要的角色，被学者评为是美国最伟大的三位总统之一。

AceintheHole

Understandthesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle。

1。exansionn。扩大，扩张，扩展，膨胀

2。hilosohyn。哲学；人生哲学，人生观

3。emhaticallyadv。强调地；断然地；明显地

4。arsenaln。兵工厂，军火库

Myfriend，

Thisisnotafiresidechatonwar。Itisatalkonnationalsecurity；becausethenubofthewholeuroseofyourresidentistokeeyounow，andyourchildrenlater，andyourgrandchildrenmuchlater，outofalast-ditchwarforthereservationofAmericanindeendenceandallofthethingsthatAmericanindeendencemeanstoyouandtomeandtoours。

Tonight，intheresenceofaworldcrisis，mymindgoesbackeightyearstoanightinthemidstofadomesticcrisis。ItwasatimewhenthewheelsofAmericanindustryweregrindingtoafullsto，whenthewholebankingsystemofourcountryhadceasedtofunction。

IwellrememberedthatwhileIsatinmystudyintheWhiteHouse，rearingtotalkwiththeeoleoftheUnitedStates，IhadbeforemyeyestheictureofallthoseAmericanswithwhomIwastalking。Isawtheworkmeninthemills，themines，thefactories；thegirlbehindthecounter；thesmallshokeeer；thefarmerdoinghisSringlowing；thewidowsandtheoldmenwonderingabouttheirlife’ssavings。

ItriedtoconveytothegreatmassofAmericaneolewhatthebankingcrisistothemintheirdailylives。

TonightIwanttodothesamething，withthesameeole，inthisnewcrisis，whichfacesAmerica。

Wemettheissueof1933withcourageandrealism。Wefacethisnewcrisis—thisnewthreattothesecurityofournation—withthesamecourageandrealism。

NeverbeforesinceJamestownandPlymouthRockhasourAmericancivilizationbeeninsuchdangerasnow。

ForonSetember27，1940—thisyear—byanagreementsignedinBerlin，threeowerfulnations，twoinEuroeandoneinAsia，joinedthemselvestogetherinthethreatthatiftheUnitedStatesofAmericainterferedwithorblockedtheexansionrogramofthesethreenations—arogramaimedatworldcontrol—theywoulduniteinultimateactionagainsttheUnitedStates。

TheNazimastersofGermanyhavemadeitclearthattheyintendnotonlytodominatealllifeandthoughtintheirowncountry，butalsotoenslavethewholeofEuroe，andthentousetheresourcesofEuroetodominatetherestoftheworld。

Inotherwords，theAxisnotmerelyadmitsbuttheAxisroclaimsthattherecanbenoultimateeacebetweentheirhilosohy—theirhilosohyofgovernment—andourhilosohyofgovernment。

Inviewofthenatureofthisundeniablethreat，itcanbeasserted，roerlyandcategorically，thattheUnitedStateshasnorightorreasontoencouragetalkofeaceuntilthedayshallcomewhenthereisaclearintentionontheartoftheaggressornationstoabandonallthoughtofdominatingorconqueringtheworld。

AtthismomenttheforcesoftheStatesthatareleaguedagainstalleoleswholiveinfreedomarebeingheldawayfromourshores。TheGermansandtheItaliansarebeingblockedontheothersideoftheAtlanticbytheBritishandbytheGreeks，andbythousandsofsoldiersandsailorswhowereabletoescaefromsubjugatedcountries。InAsiatheJaanesearebeingengagedbytheChinesenationinanothergreatdefense。

InthePacificOceanisourfleet。

Thinkingintermsoftodayandtomorrow，ImakethedirectstatementtotheAmericaneolethatthereisfarlesschanceoftheUnitedStatesgettingintowarifwedoallwecannowtosuortthenationsdefendingthemselvesagainstattackbytheAxisthanifweacquiesceintheirdefeat，submittamelytoanAxisvictory，andwaitourturntobetheobjectofattackinanotherwarlateron。

Ifwearetobecomletelyhonestwithourselves，wemustadmitthatthereisriskinanycoursewemaytake。ButIdeelybelievethatthegreatmajorityofoureoleagreethatthecoursethatIadvocateinvolvestheleastrisknowandthegreatesthoeforworldeaceinthefuture。

TheeoleofEuroewhoaredefendingthemselvesdonotaskustodotheirfighting。Theyaskusfortheimlementsofwar，thelanes，thetanks，theguns，thefreighterswhichwillenablethemtofightfortheirlibertyandforoursecurity。Emhaticallywemustgettheseweaonstothem，getthemtotheminsufficientvolumeandquicklyenoughsothatweandourchildrenwillbesavedtheagonyandsufferingofwarwhichothershavehadtoendure。