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第62章 解放宣言 1（第1页）

heEmanciationProclamation

亚伯拉罕·林肯

AbrahamLincoln

亚伯拉罕·林肯（1809—1865），美国第十六届总统。出生在肯塔基州一个农民家庭。从7岁开始就帮助父母放牛、耕地和打柴。当过雇农、船夫、小店铺里的伙计，后来又当过乡村邮递员和土地测量员。他一生在学校学习的时间加起来不到一年，但是他刻苦勤学，通过自学成为一位博学的人。他先后任过州议员、律师、众议员，并于1856年加入共和党。他反对奴隶制度，认为奴隶制度违反自由平等原则。但他又不是废奴隶主义者，他只是要求限制奴隶制向西部扩张。任内发表了《解放宣言》，提出“民有、民治、民享”的口号，并领导人民投入南北战争，重新统一了美国。1864年连任总统。1865年4月14日被南方奴隶主反对派指使的暴徒杀害。

AceintheHole

Understandthesenewwordsbeforeyoulistentothisarticle。

1。countervailingadj。补偿的；弥补的；抵消的

2。testimonyn。（法庭上证人的）证词；证明，证据

3。aforesaidadj。上述的，前述的（常用于法律文件）

4。thenceforwardadv。从那时，其后

Whereas，onthe22nddayofSetember，A。D。1862，aroclamationwasissuedbythePresidentoftheUnitedStates，containing，amongotherthings，thefollowing，towit：

“Thatonthe1stdayofJanuary，A。D。1863，allersonsheldasslaveswithinanyState，ordesignatedartofaState，theeolewhereofshallthenbeinrebellionagainsttheUnitedStates，shallbethen，thenceforward，andforeverfree；andtheExecutiveGovernmentoftheUnitedStates，includingthemilitaryandnavalauthoritythereof，willrecognizeandmaintainthefreedomofsuchersons，andwilldonoactoractstoreresssuchersons，oranyofthem，inanyeffortstheymaymakefortheiractualfreedom。”

“ThattheExecutivewill，onthe1stdayofJanuaryaforesaid，byroclamation，designatetheStatesandartsofStates，ifany，inwhichtheeolethereof，resectively，shallthenbeinrebellionagainsttheUnitedStates；andthefactthatanyStateortheeolethereofshallonthatdaybeingoodfaithreresentedintheCongressoftheUnitedStatesbymemberschosentheretoatelectionswhereinamajorityofthequalifiedvotersofsuchStatesshallhavearticiatedshall，intheabsenceofstrongcountervailingtestimony，bedeemedconclusiveevidencethatsuchStateandtheeolethereofarenottheninrebellionagainsttheUnitedStates。”

Now，therefore，I，AbrahamLincoln，PresidentoftheUnitedStates，byvirtueoftheowerinmevestedasCommander-In-ChiefoftheArmyandNavyoftheUnitedStatesintimeofactualarmedrebellionagainsttheauthorityandgovernmentoftheUnitedStates，andasafitandnecessarywarmeasureforsuressingsaidrebellion，do，onthis1stdayofJanuary，A。D。1863，andinaccordancewithmyurosesotodo，ubliclyroclaimedforthefulleriodofonehundreddaysfromthedayfirstabovementioned，orderanddesignateastheStatesandartsofStateswhereintheeolethereof，resectively，arethisdayinrebellionagainsttheUnitedStatesthefollowing，towit：

“Arkansas，Texas，Louisiana（excetthearishesofSt。Bernard，Palquemines，Jefferson，St。John，St。Charles，St。James，Ascension，Assumtion，TerreBone，Lafourche，St。Mary，St。MartinandOrleans，includingthecityofNewOrleans），Mississii，Alabama，Florida，Georgia，SouthCarolina，NorthCarolinaandVirginia（excettheforty-eightcountiesdesignatedasWestVirginia，andalsothecountiesofBerkeley，Accomac，Northhamton，ElizabethCity，York，PrincessAnneandNorfolk，includingthecitiesofNorfolkandPortsmouth），andwhichexcetedartsarefortheresentleftreciselyasifthisroclamationwerenotissued。”