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第20章 在殉国将士葬礼上的演说辞 1（第1页）

eFuneralOrationofPericles

伯里克利

Pericles

伯里克利（公元前495—公元前429），古雅典最伟大的政治家，贵族出身，却是民主派领袖，实行奴隶主民主政治。当政期间完成了奴隶主民主宪法，发展工商业，奖励文化，大兴土木。从公元前443年到公元前429年，他任将军委员会的首席将军，成为雅典的最高统治者。在他任职期间，雅典文化和国势都发展到巅峰状态。

PracticingforBetterLearning

Readthefollowingarticlecarefully，andanswerthequestionsbelow。

1。WhatmakestheAthenianhayandsatisfied？

2。Whatdoes“thedoubleadvantage”refertointhelastaragrah？

。。。

Ourconstitutiondoesnotcoythelawsofneighboringstates；weareratheraatterntoothersthanimitatorsourselves。Itsadministrationfavorsthemanyinsteadofthefew；thisiswhyitiscalledademocracy。Ifwelooktothelaws，theyaffordequaljusticetoallintheirrivatedifferences；iftosocialstanding，advancementinubliclifefallstoreutationforcaacity，classconsiderationsnotbeingallowedtointerferewithmerit；noragaindoesovertybartheway；ifamanisabletoservethestate，heisnothinderedbytheobscurityofhiscondition。Thefreedomwhichweenjoyinourgovernmentextendsalsotoourordinarylife。There，farfromexercisingajealoussurveillanceovereachother，wedonotfeelcalleduontobeangrywithourneighborfordoingwhathelikes，oreventoindulgeinthoseinjuriouslookswhichcannotfailtobeoffensive，althoughtheyinflictnoositiveenalty。Butallthiseaseinourrivaterelationsdoesnotmakeuslawlessascitizens。Againstthisfearisourchiefsafeguardteachingustoobeythemagistratesandthelawsarticularlysuchasregardstherotectionoftheinjured，whethertheyareactuallyonthestatutebook，orbelongtothatcodewhich，althoughunwritten，yetcannotbebrokenwithoutacknowledgeddisgrace。

Furtherwerovidelentyofmeansforthemindtorefreshitselffrombusiness。Wecelebrategamesandsacrificesallyearroundandtheeleganceofourrivateestablishmentsformsadailysourceofleasureandhelstobanishthesleen；whilethemagnitudeofourcitydrawstheroduceoftheworldintoourharbor，sothattotheAthenianthefruitsofothercountriesareasfamiliaraluxuryasthoseofhisown。