例句 1。 Both the north and the south areas were lack of surface water probably due to the fact that most of it was used up for agricultural purposes。 南部和北部地区都缺乏地表水,很可能是因为大部分的地表水都被用于农业了。
2。 The changes of lake level must be due to the net difference between what seeps into the lake from the groundwater and what leaks into the groundwater。 湖面水位的改变一定是因为流入湖的地下水和渗透到地下水中的湖水之间存在净差。
3。 It bees possible to judge whether a lakes flow is mainly due to its surface inputs and outputs or to its underground inputs and outputs; once all this information has been gathered。 一旦信息收集齐全,就可以判断湖水的流量主要取决于地表水的输入和输出,还是地下水的输入和输出。
duplicate[du:plikeit]v。 复写,复制[du:plik?t]a。 完全相同的 n。 复制品
搭配 duplicate a key 配钥匙;in duplicate 一式两份
例句 Skilled locksmiths can make duplicate keys from detailed source material。 技艺高超的锁匠能够根据一些详尽的原材料配出钥匙。
要点 duplicate本身可以作形容词,意为“完全相同的”;但它作动词时可以派生出另一个形容词,即duplicated“复制的”,托福阅读中考过该词的用法,与之意思相同的是copied。
durable[dur?bl]a。 持久的;耐用的
例句 1。 Snail and clam shells are durable and resist dissolving; but over time they slowly begin to change。 蜗牛和蛤蜊的壳能保存很久,并能抵御分解作用,但久而久之它们也会慢慢开始变化。
2。 Beads were probably the first durable ornaments that we possessed。 珠子可能是我们最先拥有的耐用的装饰品。
duration[durei?n]n。 持续的时间
例句 1。 The middle… and upper…latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover。 中高纬度的树带界线受到积雪的覆盖时间和积雪深度的强烈影响。
2。 An animal usually maintains its own characteristic cycle duration with great precision for many days。 动物通常会将极其精准的具有自身特性的循环时间维持许多天。
dwelling[dweli?]n。 住处
例句 For people in cliff dwellings; hauling water; wood and food to their homes was hard work。 对于住在悬崖上的人们来说,把水、木材和食物运到家中是一项艰难的工作。
efficient[ifi?nt]a。 有效的,有效率的;能胜任的
搭配 energy efficient 节能的
例句 1。 This friction tends to slow the speed of winds and make them far less efficient at dispersing on airflow。 摩擦力将会降低风速并使分散风流的效率降低。
2。 The camels abilities to thrive in harsh desert conditions and to carry large loads cheaply made it an effective and efficient means of transportation。 骆驼能在恶劣的沙漠环境中健壮成长,而且能驮沉重的货物,这使它成为了廉价而高效的沙漠运输工具。
3。 The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps; so that it is possible to make deeper and deeper mining。 机车通过操纵高效的泵来排走矿井中的水,从而使采到越来越深的矿产成为可能。
要点 efficient的名词形式是efficiency,主要是指办事的“效率”,“效率高”可以说high efficiency。
同义 effective(a。 有效的)
派生 efficiently(ad。 有效地)
elite[eili:t]n。 精英;掌权者;社会名流;实力集团 a。 卓越的;精锐的
例句 1。 Many of the statues are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife。 许多雕像是要被放进掌权者的坟墓中的,为了在来世侍奉坟墓主人。
2。 The growing power of the elite; who controlled the economy; would not serve as additions to the labor force。 掌控经济的实力集团的权力日益强大,不再是劳动力的附属物。
3。 If you want to understand ancient Egyptian art; it is important to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them。 了解尽可能多的埃及名流的世界观以及为他们所创作的艺术的功能和内涵,对于了解古埃及艺术是很重要的。
emphasis[emf?sis]n。 强调,重点
例句 1。 Certainly; one would have to place great emphasis on this almost instinct for the territorial imperative in trying to explain the Roman phenomenon。 当然,想试图解释罗马现象,就必须强调这种对于领土近乎本能的需求。
2。 In the late nineteenth century; ecology began to grow into an independent science and the emphasis of this new“munity ecology”was on the position and structure of munities consisting of different species。 19世纪末,生态学逐渐发展成为一门独立的科学,这一新“群体生态学”强调的是不同生物群体的组成和结构。
要点 emphasis常常和介词on连用,表?